Pelham Bit: Combining Snaffle and Curb Action
The pelham bit is a versatile leverage bit that combines the features of a snaffle and a curb into a single mouthpiece. It is equipped with lateral shanks and is always ridden in combination with a curb chain. The pelham is particularly useful for horses that become very strong in certain situations, requiring the rider to have a clearer and more direct influence.
Rein Handling: Converters or Two Reins?
A classic pelham has two rings on the side parts, offering different ways to attach the reins. The most precise method is riding with two sets of reins. This allows the rider to decide whether to act softly on the snaffle ring or to engage the leverage of the lower rein as needed. A simpler and widely used alternative is the use of pelham roundings (converters). These connect the upper and lower rings, so the rider only needs one rein. The action is distributed automatically but is less differentially controllable.
Action and Pressure Distribution
When tension is applied to the lower ring (or the roundings), the pelham exerts its leverage. The shanks tighten the curb chain, creating pressure on the lower jaw, the poll, and the chin groove. Whether the pelham is jointed or designed as a solid bar additionally influences the pressure distribution on the tongue. Because of this effective action, a pelham belongs in the hands of sensitive and experienced riders.
Frequently Asked Questions
When is it useful to use a pelham?
A pelham is suitable for spirited or forward-going horses where a normal snaffle is no longer sufficient for safe control. It is frequently used in show jumping, eventing, but also for fast hacking in open spaces.
Why are there unjointed (mullen mouth) pelhams?
An unjointed pelham lies very quietly in the mouth and distributes pressure evenly across the tongue. It prevents the bit from folding in the middle and is often preferred by horses that are sensitive to pressure on the bars of the jaw.
Can I use a pelham without a curb chain?
No, a pelham must never be ridden without a curb chain. Without the chain, the bit would tilt back uncontrolled in the mouth when the reins are pulled. The curb chain limits this angle (ideally to about 45 degrees) and ensures the correct leverage.
A Versatile Leverage Bit for Clear Aids
If your horse tends to evade riding aids or pushes strongly forward, the pelham offers a good solution. By merging the actions of a snaffle and a curb, it allows you to regulate the horse without enormous physical effort, keeping you in control even in tricky situations.
Choose between rigid bars for an even contact or jointed mouthpieces for more flexible lateral guidance, depending on your horse's preference. With the appropriate pelham roundings or classically with two reins, you can find the perfect setup for your training.